快速康复护理在半月板损伤关节镜手术中的临床应用及效果研究

杨冰琴

川北医学院附属医院，四川 南充 637000

  摘要：目的 评估膝关节镜手术治疗半月板损伤过程中，快速康复护理对术后恢复效果的影响，分析其对膝关节功能恢复、疼痛控制以及并发症发生率等方面的临床作用。方法 随机电脑抽取 2022 年 1 月-2023 年 12 月川北医学院附属医院接受半月板损伤关节镜治疗的患者 96 例，对照组 48 例实施常规护理，观察组 48 例在常规护理的基础上实施快速康复护理。组间比价两组患者术前及术后 6 个月的血清骨性标志物水平、术前和术后 7d 炎症因子的变化、术后膝关节功能活动情况、VAS 评分以及并发症等差异。结果 术后 6 个月，观察组患者 OC、BALP 和PICP 水平较术前有所升高，且高于对照组（P＜0.05）；术后 7 天，观察组的的 TNF-α、IL-6 和 IL-1β 水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）；术后 12 小时、24 小时和 48 小时 VAS 评分也均低于对照组（P＜0.05）；护理后的 Lysholm评分高于对照组，且膝关节活动度恢复时间也优于对照组（P＜0.05）；在关节僵硬、尿潴留、切口感染以及关节腔积液、积血等并发症的发生率均观察组均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 在膝关节镜手术治疗半月板损伤患者中的应用快速康复护理，能有效改善了患者术后血清骨标志物的水平、降低炎症因子的浓度，减轻术后疼痛和相关并发症的发生，促进膝关节功能康复进程，加速患者的转归。

关键词：快速康复护理；半月板损伤；膝关节镜手术

中图分类号：R473.6

Clinical Application and Effect Study of Rapid Rehabilitation Nursing in Arthroscopic Surgery for Meniscus Injury

YANG Bingqin

Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Sichuan Nanchong 637000

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the impact of rapid rehabilitation nursing on postoperative recovery during arthroscopic surgery for meniscus injury, and analyze its clinical effects on knee joint function recovery, pain control, and incidence ofcomplications. Method: A total of 96 patients who received arthroscopic treatment for meniscus injury at the Affiliated Hospital of Chuanbei Medical College from January 2022 to December 2023 were randomly selected by computer. The control group consisted of 48 patients who received routine nursing care, while the observation group consisted of 48 patients who received rapid rehabilitation nursing care in addition to routine nursing care. Compare the differences in serum bone marker levels, changes in inflammatory factors, postoperative knee joint function and activity, VAS scores, and complications between two groups of patients before and 6 months after surgery. Result: Six months after surgery, the levels of OC, BALP, and PICP in the observation group increased compared to preoperative levels and were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05); Seven days after surgery, the levels of TNF - α, IL-6, and IL-1 β in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); The VAS scores at 12, 24, and 48 hours after surgery were also lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); The Lysholm score after nursing was higher than that of the control group, and the recovery time of knee joint range of motion was also better than that of the control group (P<0.05); The incidence of joint stiffness, urinary retention, incision infection, joint cavity effusion, hematocele and other complications in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of rapid rehabilitation nursing in the treatment of meniscus injury patients undergoing knee arthroscopy surgery can effectively improve the levels of serum bone markers, reduce the concentration of inflammatory factors, alleviate postoperative pain and related complications, promote knee joint function rehabilitation process, and accelerate patient outcomes.

   Keywords: rapid rehabilitation nursing; Meniscus injury; Knee arthroscopic surgery